Mineral lubricating oil compositions containing poly



United States Patent MINERAL LUBRICATTNG OIL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING POLY (10-PINANYLMETHYL METHACRYLATE) Alfred E. Borchert, Cherry Hill, N.J., and Anne M. Kar- 5 rash, Allentown, Pa., assignors to The Atlantic Refining Company, Philadelphia, Pa, a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Filed Dec. 10, 1964, Ser. No. 417,519

4 Claims. (Cl. 252-57) This invention relates to methacrylates and polymers thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to pinanylmethyl methacrylate and the polymers thereof.

The monomer is prepared by hydrogenating 10-pinenylmethanol (nopol) in the presence of an Adams catalyst. The saturated alcohol (hydronopol) is then converted to the methacrylate ester by reaction with. methacrylyl halide.

The 10-pinanylmethyl methacrylate is then polymerized by either solution or suspension polymerization tech- 20,

niques. This polymer is useful as an oil viscosity index improver and in other applications which utilize polymethacrylates.

The reactions referred to above may be represented as Preparation of IO-pinanyZmethyI methacrylate 200 grams (1.2 mols.) of IO-pinenylmethanol were hydrogenated over 2 grams of platinum dioxide. The initial temperature was 70 F. and the initial hydrogen pressure was 3,000 p.s.i. The temperature was then raised to 285 F. until essentially all of the alcohol was saturated. This saturated alcohol was isolated by distillation. It had a boiling range of 90 to 110 C. 5 mm. pressure) and a refractive index of 1.488 at C. It was identified as 10-pinanylmethanol.

178 grams (0.75 mol.) of IO-pinanylmethyl methacrylate were prepared by dropwise addition of 117 grams (1.12 mols.) of methacrylyl chloride to a benzene solution containing 174 grams (1.03 mols.) of 10-pinanyl- 3,282,844 Patented Nov. 1', 1966 methanol and 47 grams of pyridine at a reaction temperature of 50 C.

The lo-pinanylmethyl .methacrylate had the following properties:

Boiling range .5 mm. pressure, C.) 94-106 Refractive index at 25 C. 1.4819 Specific gravity 25 C./4 C .997 Carbon contents, percent 75.9 (calculated, percent) 76.2 Hydrogen content, percent 10.1

(calculated, percent) EXAMPLE II a. Solution polymerization 50 grams (0.21 mol.) of IO-pinanyhnethyl methacrylate from Example I and 0.25 gram of azobisisobutyronitrile were reacted in 444 grams of benzene diluent at 60 C. for 18 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The polymer was isolated by addition of the benzene solution to excess methanol whereupon 33 grams of a colorless product were obtained. This product had a softening range of to C., a reduced viscosity of .31 (5% in tetrahydrofuran at 30 C.) and was identified as poly(10-pinanylmethyl methacrylate).

b. Suspension polymerization The following mixture was suspended in a bottle containing 196 grams of deionized water and agitated at 60 for 18 hours:

Grams IO-pinanylmethyl methacrylate 99 Azobisisobutyronitrile .5 Potassium persulfate .6 Tricalcium phosphate 1.5

The beaded product was thoroughly washed with water and dried under a vacuum at 60 C. 91 grams of poly (IO-pinanylmethyl methacrylate) were obtained.

The polymers from Example II were evaluated in mineral oil as viscosity index improvers. Unexpectedly, it was found that although the polymers were only slightly soluble in the oil, the addition of small soluble amounts greatly increased the viscosity index. In order to obtain the same degree of improvement with the other viscosity index improvers, amounts greater than 1% by weight are required.

EXAMPLE III The polymers of Example 11 were dissolved in a solvent refined oil by heating. The resulting solutions were filtered to remove any insoluble polymer.

The results are as follows.

System: Viscosity index Solvent refined lubricating oil (100 SUS at With .22 percent by weight poly(10- pinanylmethyl methacrylate) 149.0 With .36 percent by weight poly(10- pinanylmethyl methacrylate) 166.5 Solvent refined oil (151 SUS at 100 F.) 107.5

With .15 percent by weight poly(10- pinanylmethyl methacrylate) 135.0

The maximum polymer loading is limited by its solu bility in the particular mineral oil utilized. For most of commonly-used mineral oils this solubility will not exceed .75 percent by weight polymer in oil.

We claim: References Cited by the Examiner 1. A lubricating oil compositiondcornpfisirfgb? major UNITED STATES PATENTS amount of mineral lubricating oil an an oi -so u e minor amount of poly(10-pinanylmethyl methacrylate). ggii j l 2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the 5 2704277 3/1955 Giammari: p0ly(10-pinanylmethyl methacrylate) is present in an 2929806 3/1960 Marvel et a1 amount not exceeding'0.75 weight percent. u

3. A composition according to claim 2 wherein the OTHER REFERENCES po1y(10-pinany1methyl Inethacrylate) is present in an Blomquist et al: 1 our. American Chem. Society, amount from 0.15 to 0.75 weight percent. 10 vol. 79 (1957) pp. 4976-4980 (QD1A5).

4. A composition according to claim 3 wherein the p01y(10-pinanylmethyl methacrylate) is present in an DANIEL WYMAN, P Exa'mmeramount from 0.15 to 0.36 weight percent. CANNON, Assistant Examiner 

1. A LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A MAJOR AMOUNT OF MINERAL LUBRICATING OIL AND AN OIL-SOLUBLE MINOR AMOUNT OF POLY(10-PINANYLMETHYL METHACRYLATE). 